Arrangementer - Side 2

Fano manifolds are complex projective manifolds having positive first Chern class. The positivity condition on the first Chern class has far reaching geometric and arithmetic implications. For instance, Fano manifolds are covered by rational curves, and families of Fano manifolds over one dimensional bases always admit holomorphic sections. In recent years, there has been some effort towards defining suitable higher analogues of the Fano condition. Higher Fano manifolds are expected to enjoy stronger versions of several of the nice properties of Fano manifolds.

In this talk, I will discuss higher Fano manifolds which are defined in terms of positivity of higher Chern characters. After a brief survey of what is currently known, I will present recent joint work with Carolina Araujo, Roya Beheshti, Kelly Jabbusch, Svetlana Makarova, Enrica Mazzon and Nivedita Viswanathan, regarding toric higher Fano manifolds. I will explain a strategy towards proving that projective spaces are the only higher Fano manifolds among smooth projective toric varieties.

Enriched enumerative geometry is a new area in which we take results in enumerative geometry over the complex numbers and refine them to give results over any base field. The "refinements" in question recover the classical results over algebraically closed fields but may also include arithmetic information about the base field. In this talk, I'll give an overview of a proof of an enriched refinement of the Yau-Zaslow formula for counting rational curves on K3 surfaces. Joint work with Jesse Pajwani.

Nakajima quiver varieties are a class of combinatorially defined moduli spaces generalising the Hilbert scheme of points in the plane, defined with the aid of a quiver Q (directed graph) and a fixed framing dimension vector f. In the 90s Nakajima used the cohomology of these varieties (in fixed cohomological degrees, and for fixed f) to construct irreducible lowest weight representations of the Kac-Moody Lie algebras associated to the underlying graph of Q. Since the action is via geometric correspondences, the entire cohomology of these quiver varieties forms a module for the same Kac-Moody Lie algebras, suggesting the question: what is the decomposition of the entire cohomology into irreducible lowest weight representations?

In this talk I will explain that this question is somehow not the right one. I will introduce the BPS Lie algebra associated to Q, a generalised Kac-Moody Lie algebra associated to Q, which contains the usual one as its cohomological degree zero piece. The entire cohomology of the sum of Nakajima quiver varieties for fixed Q and f turns out to have an elegant decomposition into irreducible lowest weight modules for this Lie algebra, with lowest weight spaces isomorphic to the intersection cohomology of certain singular Nakajima quiver varieties. This is joint work with Lucien Hennecart and Sebastian Schlegel Mejia.

A tropical curve is a graph embedded in R^2 satisfying a number of conditions. Mikhalkin's celebrated correspondence theorem establishes a correspondence between algebraic curves on a toric surface and tropical curves. This translates the difficult question of counting the number of algebraic curves through a given number of points to the question of counting tropical curves, i.e. certain graphs, with a given notion of multiplicity through a given number of points which can be solved combinatorially.  To get an invariant count, real rational algebraic curves are counted with a sign, the Welschinger sign and there is a real version of the correspondence theorem. Furthermore, Marc Levine defined a generalization of the Welschinger sign that allows to get an invariant count of algebraic curves defined over an arbitrary base field. For this one counts algebraic curves with a certain quadratic form.

In the talk I am presenting work in progress joint with Andrés Jaramillo Puentes in which we provide a version Mikhalkin's correspondence theorem for an arbitrary base field, that is a correspondence between algebraic curves counted with the above mentioned quadratic form and tropical curves counted with a quadratic enrichment of the multiplicity. Then I will explain how to use this quadratic correspondence theorem to do the count of algebraic curves over an arbitrary base field.

We will discuss the recent theory of Nikulin orbifolds and orbifolds of Nikulin type in dimension 4. Nikulin orbifolds are irreducible holomorphic symplectic orbifolds which are partial resolutions of quotients of IHS manifolds of K3^[n] type. Their deformations are called orbifolds of Nikulin type. Our main aim will be the description of the first known locally complete family of projective irreducible holomorphic symplectic orbifolds of dimension 4 which are of Nikulin type. It is a family of IHS orbifolds that appear as double covers of special complete intersections (3,4) in P^6. This is joint work with Ch. Camere and A. Garbagnati.

Following Givental, enumerative mirror symmetry can be stated as a relation between genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants and period integrals. I will talk about a relative version of mirror symmetry that relates genus zero relative Gromov-Witten invariants of smooth pairs and relative periods. Then I will talk about how to use it to compute the mirror proper Landau-Ginzburg potentials of smooth log Calabi-Yau pairs.

Consider the singularity C^4/(Z/2), where Z/2 acts as the matrix diag(-1,-1,-1,-1). This singularity is special, in that it does not admit a crepant resolution. However, it does admit a so-called noncommutative crepant resolution, given by a Calabi-Yau 4 quiver. The moduli space of representations of this quiver turns out to share a lot of similarities with moduli spaces of sheaves over Calabi-Yau fourfolds, and it turns out that we can reuse techniques from studying moduli of sheaves to define and compute invariants of this moduli space of representations. In this talk, I will explain how these invariants can be defined, and give conjectures about the forms of these invariants. This talk is based on joint work with Raf Bocklandt.

Specialization of (stable) birational types is an important tool when studying (stable) rationality in families. A crucial ingredient is to cook up one parameter degenerations such that the limit has certain combinatorial and geometric properties. Nicaise-Ottem studied these questions for hypersurfaces in algebraic tori, and used tropical geometry to construct degenerations that would have been hard (impossible) to construct geometrically. Even after these are constructed one must carefully study the limit in order to apply specialization techniques, this involves both combinatorics and questions about variation of stable birational types. I will talk about the specialization technique in the setup of Nicaise-Ottem, explain some natural questions that appear through the combinatorics, and give some positive results in this direction.

The variety of sums of powers, VSP(F, r) of a homogeneous form F of rank r is the closure in the Hilbert scheme of apolar schemes of length r. A bad limit is a scheme in the closure that is not apolar to F. I will discuss examples of bad limits, including examples for quadrics found by Joachim Jelisiejew that contradicts earlier results on polar simplicies. This is report on work in progress with Jelisiejew and Schreyer and with Grzegorz and Michal Kapustka.

Counterexamples to the integral Hodge conjecture can arise either from torsion cohomology classes (as in Atiyah's and Hirzebruch's original counterexample from 1961) or from non-torsion classes (as first seen in Kollár's counterexample from 1991). After Voisin proved the IHC for uniruled threefolds, Schreieder found a unirational fourfold where the IHC fails. His construction of a non-algebraic Hodge class relies on abstract arguments with unramified cohomology. It was an open question whether this class is of torsion type. In this talk, I want to explain a new method that gives an explicit geometric description of the unramified cohomology class appearing in his argument. In particular, this approach allows to prove that Schreieder's unirational counterexample is of torsion type.

As a consequence of the S-duality conjecture, Vafa and Witten conjectured certain symmetries concerning invariants derived from spaces of vector bundles on a closed Riemannian four-manifold. For a smooth complex projective surface X, a satisfying mathematical definition of Vafa-Witten invariants has been given by Tanaka and Thomas. Their invariants are a sum of two parts, one of which can be defined in terms of moduli spaces of stable vector bundles on X. Focusing on this instanton part of the VW invariants one can ask how it changes under blowing up the surface X. I will discuss joint work with Oliver Leigh and Yuuji Tanaka that answers this question.

I will explain how a recent “universal wall-crossing” framework of Joyce works in equivariant K-theory, which I view as a multiplicative refinement of equivariant cohomology. Enumerative invariants, possibly of strictly semistable objects living on the walls, are controlled by a certain (multiplicative version of) vertex algebra structure on the K-homology groups of the ambient stack. In very special settings like refined Vafa-Witten theory, one can obtain some explicit formulas. For moduli stacks of quiver representations, this geometric vertex algebra should be dual in some sense to the quantum loop algebras that act on the K-theory of stable loci.

Abstract (PDF)

Abstract (PDF)

In 80s Weibel observed that K-theory is homotopy invariant on F_p-schemes up to p-torsion. His main tool was the action of the ring Witt vectors on nil-K-groups: NK_i(R) = Ker(K_i(R[t]) → K_i(R)). We will revisit the proof and check that the same result holds for all finitary localizing invariants.

I will explain how motivic homotopy theory can be used to attack problems regarding finite projective modules over smooth affine k-algebras. I will recall in particular the foundational theorem of Morel and Asok-Hoyois-Wendt, and the construction of the Barge-Morel Euler class. Time permitting, I will explain recent progress on Murthy's splitting conjecture.

Abstract (PDF)

I will discuss the question in the title. This is joint work with Alex Degtyarev and Ilia Itenberg. This will be a talk involving very classical topics in algebraic geometry. I will try to make the talk accessible to students at master- and PhD level.

Nordfjordeid Summer school 2022